Particle Contamination Control in Semiconductor Processing
Model of particle growth in silane plasma reactor

Particle contamination control is quite important in the plasma reactor and much research on particle growth has been done theoretically and experimentally. The particles follow three phases initial growth phase, rapid growth phase, and growth saturation phase) to grow up to submicron sizes. The particle growth in plasma reactor are investigated by using the discrete-monodisperse (D-M) model for various process conditions, considering effects of a particle charge distribution based on the Gaussian distribution function. At the start of the plasma discharge, there is the high concentration of small-size particles, and later large-size particles appear and grow by coagulation between small-size particles. Some fractions of small-size particles are in a neutral state or even charged positively. The positively charged small-size particles coagulate faster and more selectively with large-size particles, which are charged more negatively than with medium-size particles. Also, the particle-size distribution in a plasma reactor becomes bimodal and large-size particles become quite monodisperse. As the mass generation rate of monomers increase or as the monomer diameter decreases, large-size particles grow more quickly and the particle-size distribution becomes bimodal earlier.

The plasma reactor can be a good candidate to produce monodisperse, nanosized particles.